Effects of Resistance Training in Hip Surgery Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Purpose: This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of resistance training on postoperative muscle strength, hip function, pain, and quality of life in patients who had undergone hip surgery. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted across eight Korean databases (RISS, DBpia, ScienceON, KCI, KoreaMed, National Assembly Library of Korea, KMbase, and KISS) and PubMed for relevant studies published through March 2025. Five studies comprising a total of 306 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Statistical effect sizes were calculated using RevMan 5.4.1, with standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) utilized to determine clinical impact. Results: Resistance training yielded significant improvements in muscle strength (SMD=1.29, 95% CI: 0.48~2.10, p=.002), pain reduction (SMD=-1.06, 95% CI: -2.03~-0.09, p=.030), and quality of life (SMD=0.36, 95% CI: 0.07~0.65, p=.020) compared to control groups. However, no statistically significant difference was observed regarding hip function (SMD=0.73, 95% CI: -0.30~1.76, p=.170). Conclusion: Resistance training is an effective postoperative intervention for enhancing muscle strength, alleviating pain, and improving quality of life following hip surgery. Future research should investigate optimal training intensities and frequencies to refine clinical intervention protocols.