Key result
Resting and cold-stress SBP show ~35% heritability linked to additive genetic factors.
Why the study?
The genetic association between blood pressure at rest and during the cold pressor test is not well characterized.
Does blood pressure response during the cold pressor test share common genetic influences with resting blood pressure in individuals from large families?
Observational (n=419)
Does blood pressure response during the cold pressor test share common genetic influences with resting blood pressure in individuals from large families?
Blood pressure at rest and during cold immersion are significantly influenced by additive genetic effects, but these genetic influences are only partially shared for systolic blood pressure.
Supports partial genetic overlap in resting and cold-pressor BP responses; leaves open identification of shared variants for hypertension risk.
BACKGROUND: The genetic association between blood pressure (BP) at rest and during the cold pressor test (CPT) is not well characterized. The purpose of this study was to examine the genetic architecture of BP during the CPT, and to determine whether BP at rest and during the CPT share common genetic influences. METHODS: In 419 individuals distributed across four large families, variance components methods were used to estimate heritabilities of resting BP and CPT BP, along with genetic correlations among BP traits. The CPT consisted of immersion of the left foot in 4 degrees C water while the participant was supine. Blood pressure reactivity (DeltaBP) was defined as BP at 15 to 30 sec and 45 to 60 sec of foot immersion minus resting BP. RESULTS: Significant (P < .05) heritabilities were found for supine BP (h(2)(SBP) = 0.35), CPT BP (h(2)(SBP) = 0.27 and 0.33, h(2)(DBP) = 0.18 and 0.30), and DeltaSBP (h(2)(SBP) = 0.12 and 0.37) but not for DeltaDBP. Bivariate analyses detected significant (P < .05) genetic correlations between resting SBP and CPT SBP that were different from 0 and 1. Genetic correlations between resting DBP and CPT DBP were not significantly different from 1. Genetic correlations between resting SBP and DeltaSBP were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Measures of BP at rest and during cold immersion are significantly influenced by additive genetic effects. These genetic influences are only partially shared between SBP at rest and SBP during cold immersion, suggesting that a somewhat different set of genes may influence SBP during cold immersion. Unique sets of genes also appear to influence DeltaSBP independent of those influencing resting SBP.
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Choh et al. (2005) conducted an observational in Blood pressure response (n=419). Cold pressor test (CPT) vs. Resting blood pressure was evaluated on Heritability of resting BP, CPT BP, and BP reactivity (DeltaBP) (h2(SBP) = 0.35 for supine BP, 0.27-0.33 for CPT BP, p=<.05). Blood pressure at rest and during cold immersion are significantly influenced by additive genetic effects, with heritabilities for supine SBP of 0.35 and CPT SBP of 0.27 to 0.33 (P<0.05).
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