Large-Scale Free and Impinging Turbulent Jet Flames

This paper summarizes progress in the development and validation of a suite of computational fluid dynamics sub-models for the calculation of open air and impinging turbulent gas jet flames. The sub-models are implemented in the commercial flow and radiative heat transfer solvers CFX-FL0W3D and CFX-RADIATION. Demonstration calculations are reported for an open air sonic 0.3 propane flame, and a 2.5 subsonic natural gas flame in the open air and impinging on a 2 m diameter cylindrical target. Improvements for the calculation of under-expanded jet shock structures, flame lift-off, and combustion in the main bulk of the flame are reported. A practical model for predicting convective heat transfer is identified. Results of preliminary calculations of flame impingement heat transfer are present.