SUMMARY Principles governing the choice of variables and of the most informative range of concentrations for equilibrium measurements are discussed. The procedure found most suitable for work on viruses and their antibodies is equilibrium filtration of mixtures containing constant doses of antibody and variable amounts of virus. Measurements will be reliable and free from complications if the antigenic sites are far from saturation and at least nine‐tenths of antibody are bound. Two linear transforms of the law of mass action are derived; with the aid of either of these the equilibrium constant of the virus‐antibody union and the number of antigenic sites per virus particle can be estimated simultaneously. Statistical procedures appropriate to equilibrium measurements are given, together with rapid tests for checking the validity of all assumptions underlying the mathematical model. The evaluation of parameters is demonstrated, in detail, on an example of influenza virus and an anti‐influenzal rabbit serum. Numerical tables needed for the expeditious solution of equilibrium equations are given in an Appendix.
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S. Groth (1961) studied this question.