Key result
Higher urinary Na/K ratio is linked to higher home and daytime ambulatory systolic BP.
Why the study?
No studies have demonstrated the association between urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio and all out-of-office blood pressure types in the same cohort.
Is urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio associated with out-of-office blood pressure in the general population?
Cross-Sectional (n=875)
Is urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio associated with out-of-office blood pressure in the general population?
p-value: p=<0.041
Urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio is more strongly associated with home blood pressure than with 24-h and daytime ambulatory blood pressure in the general population.
Supports daytime BP monitoring in hypertension; hypothesis-generating for prospective sodium-potassium intervention trials.
Objective:No studies have demonstrated the association between urinary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio and all out-of-office blood pressure (BP) [home morning and evening BP (self-measured at home), and 24-h, daytime, and night-time ambulatory BP] in the same cohort. We aimed to assess, which type of out-of-office BP is more strongly associated with urinary Na/K ratio in the general population.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in the general population of Ohasama, Japan. Home and ambulatory BP levels were measured, and 24-h urine samples were obtained from 875 participants (men, 25.5%; mean age, 60.1 years). The urinary Na/K ratio in the 24-h urine samples was calculated.Results:The median (interquartile range) urinary Na/K ratio was 4.19 (3.36-5.26). Significant positive trends of home morning, home evening, 24-h, and daytime SBP were observed across quartiles of urinary Na/K ratio (trend P < 0.041; adjusted mean values between Q1 and Q4 of urinary Na/K ratio: 121.0-125.5 mmHg for home morning, 120.1-123.8mmhg for home evening, 121.6-123.4mmHg for 24-h, 127.5-129.5 mmHg for daytime). Urinary Na/K ratio was not significantly associated with office or night-time SBP and nocturnal BP fall (trend P > 0.13). In the model with both home morning or evening SBP and daytime SBP, only home SBP was significantly associated with urinary Na/K ratio (P < 0.048 for home SBP).Conclusion:These findings suggest that urinary Na/K ratio might be more strongly associated with home BP than with 24-h and daytime BP but was not associated with night-time BP.
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Muroya et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in General population (n=875). Urinary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio vs. Lower quartiles of urinary Na/K ratio was evaluated on Home morning, home evening, 24-h, and daytime systolic blood pressure (p=<0.041). Higher urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio was significantly associated with higher home and ambulatory systolic blood pressure (trend P < 0.041), but not night-time blood pressure.
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