Studies in Three-Dimensional Photoelasticity Stress Concentrations in Shafts with Transverse Circular Holes in Tension Relation Between Two- and Three-Dimensional Factors

Part I. General problems of technique arising in three-dimensional photoelastic analysis by means of the frozen stress pattern method are discussed. These include suggestions for loading, slicing, improvement of boundary visibility, a discussion of time stresses, and methods for the determination of the fringe order and fringe value in a model with a static or frozen stress pattern. A number of instructive three-dimensional stress patterns are shown. Part II. Stress concentration factors for shafts with ratios of r/d equal to 0.0666, 0.323, and 0.164 are determined, r being the radius of the hole, D the diameter of the shaft, and d=D−2r. Part III. A relation is established between two- and three-dimensional factors of stress concentration for a range of r/d which does not exceed 0.5, which is believed to cover the most practical cases. It is shown that the three-dimensional factors are somewhat greater than the two-dimensional factors for the same ratio of r/d.