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A metastable phase of body-centered-tetragonal ruthenium (bct Ru) is identified to exhibit a large perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy (PMCA), whose energy EMCA is as large as 150 μeV/atom, which is two orders of magnitude greater than those of $3d$ magnetic metals. Further investigation over the range of tetragonal distortion suggests that the appearance of magnetism in the bct Ru is governed by the Jahn-Teller spit eg orbitals. Moreover, from band analysis, MCA is mainly determined by an interplay between two eg states, d_x²-y² and d_z² states, as a result of level reversal associated with tetragonal distortion.
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Odkhuu et al. (2015) studied this question.
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