Hickory and peanut hydrochars were chemically activated with KOH and H3PO4 and tested for their ability to remove methylene blue and lead from aqueous solutions. The physicochemical characteristics of the activated hydrochars determined were surface area, pore volume, and elemental composition. Kinetics and isotherm studies were then conducted on methylene blue adsorption. Compared to their nonactivated counterparts, the chemically activated hydrochars had higher surface areas and more functional groups. Activated hydrochars also had greater methylene blue and lead adsorption rates, which can be attributed to the improved physicochemical characteristics. H3PO4 activated hydrochars removed more contaminants than the corresponding KOH ones.
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Fang et al. (2017) studied this question.
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