Very high enantiomeric excesses are more easily achieved when the catalyst contains a C2-symmetric ligand as a chiral inductor—this, however, does not hold for hydrogenation, catalyzed by rhodium complexes with 3,4-bis(phosphino)pyrrolidine ligands (e.g., 1). In the hydrogenation of (Z)-α-acetoamidocinnamic acid the results obtained with the asymmetric ligand are similar to those with the C2-symmetric ligands. Boc = tert-butoxycarbonyl.
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Nagel et al. (1993) studied this question.
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