Key result
CHD death rates decline over 20 years, linked to improved risk factors and medical management.
Why the study?
Death rates from coronary heart disease have been declining in Australia and New Zealand for 20 years, but trends for non-fatal myocardial infarction vary across regions.
Observational
Yes
CHD mortality has consistently declined in Australia and New Zealand over 20 years, largely driven by improvements in population risk factors and medical management, though trends in non-fatal MI vary by region.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Caution against assuming uniform MI declines; leaves open regional drivers of CHD trends.
Death rates from coronary heart disease (CHD) have been declining in Australia and New Zealand for 20 years. Data from the three MONICA Project Centres in Newcastle (Australia), Perth (Australia), and Auckland (New Zealand) show similar trends for fatal CHD but differing trends for non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI). In Auckland, there has been a consistent decline in out-of-hospital death rates but no decline in non-fatal MI rates. In Perth, the greater contribution to the overall decline has been from out-of-hospital deaths, but in-hospital death rates and non-fatal MI rates have also declined. There is also some evidence of an increase in survival following MI in Perth. In Newcastle, both death rates and non-fatal MI rates have declined. The limited data available suggest that at least one-half of the decline in mortality can be attributed to improvements in population risk-factor levels. Improvements in medical management of both risk factors and established disease are also making contributions to the decline.
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Beaglehole et al. (1989) conducted an observational in Coronary heart disease (CHD). Population risk-factor levels and medical management was evaluated on Fatal CHD and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) rates. Death rates from coronary heart disease have declined in Australia and New Zealand over 20 years, largely attributed to improvements in population risk-factor levels and medical management.
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