Key result
A wearable 5.8 GHz self-injection locked oscillator sensor successfully detected normal and fast breath rates while achieving up to 36% power conversion efficiency for energy harvesting.
A novel wearable 5.8 GHz SILO sensor demonstrates feasibility for breath rate monitoring and energy harvesting without the need for bulky equipment.
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May support battery-free wearable respiratory monitoring; hypothesis-generating and requires clinical validation before practice consideration.
In this work, the design and the realization of a pocket-size sensor for breath rate detection are presented. Exploiting the self-injection locking radar technique, it is possible to perform FM-to-AM demodulation that allows the detection of the voltage peaks at the output of the sensor's receiving part. If compared with existing solutions, this device is of reduced dimensions and fully wearable; in fact, it can be worn by the user at a certain distance from the body at the chest position, and work without the need of any dedicated remotely synchronized anchor nodes nor bulky analyzers to be carried close by. As a more distinctive peculiarity, the receiving circuit is designed as an RF-to-DC rectifier in order to also enable the possibility to harvest energy that can be exploited, for instance, to feed a microcontroller unit and a transceiver with the aim of sending wirelessly the breath rate data to a laptop or a smartphone. Circuit simulations are corroborated by measurements in order to ensure the feasibility of the proposed solution.
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Paolini et al. (2021) studied Breath rate monitoring (n=4). Wearable 5.8 GHz SILO sensor was evaluated on Detection of respiratory rate and energy harvesting power conversion efficiency. A wearable 5.8 GHz self-injection locked oscillator sensor successfully detected normal and fast breath rates while achieving up to 36% power conversion efficiency for energy harvesting.
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