Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Arrhythmias Following Pacemaker Implantation

Aims/Background Pacemakers are essential devices for patients with cardiac rhythm abnormalities. However, the occurrence of arrhythmias after pacemaker implantation remains a clinical challenge. This study aimed to identify and analyze the factors that influence the occurrence of arrhythmias following pacemaker implantation to improve patient outcomes. Methods Clinical data of patients who received pacemaker implantation treatment in the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University from January 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 137 patients were followed up for 12 months and then divided into two groups based on the occurrence of arrhythmias post-implantation: the occurrence group (n = 40) and the non-occurrence group (n = 97). General data, including gender, age, cardiac function indexes, and preoperative anxiety, were collected and compared. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of arrhythmia occurrence, while Spearman correlation analysis was employed to examine the correlation between cardiac function indexes and arrhythmia occurrence. Results Significant differences were found in age, history of hypertension, preoperative anxiety score, preoperative depression score, preoperative left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), and preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between the two groups (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between arrhythmias occurrence and preoperative LVEDD and LVEF (r = 0.270, 0.329; p < 0.01). Age, history of hypertension, preoperative anxiety score, preoperative depression score, preoperative LVEDD, and preoperative LVEF were identified as risk factors for arrhythmias (odds ratio [OR]) = 2.507, 2.479, 3.012, 2.432, 3.614, 4.525; all p < 0.05). Conclusion Age, history of hypertension, preoperative anxiety score, preoperative depression score, preoperative LVEF, and preoperative LVEDD are important influencing factors for arrhythmias occurrence, which are correlated with preoperative cardiac function indexes. Thus, preoperative observation utilizing these factors can provide a reference for screening high-risk groups.