Preseismic lithosphere‐atmosphere‐ionosphere coupling

Preseismic anomalous states in the atmosphere and ionosphere as well as those in the near‐Earth (telluric) currents and ultralowfrequency electromagnetic variations have been, since the 1970s, reported as occurring prior to earthquakes. These preseismic phenomena have not yet been universally accepted, partly because the low occurrence frequency of large earthquakes has hindered establishing their statistical significance. Recent achievements in this respect, however, seem to be highly encouraging for promoting further studies on preseismic lithosphere‐atmosphere‐ionosphere (LAI) coupling.