Side‐effects of ethylenebis‐dithiocarbamate fungicide mancozeb on larvae and imago of Spodoptera exigua was tested. Two different concentrations of the pesticide were used. We focused on the changes at three levels: population, single organisms and antioxidant enzymes. Decreased survival, disturbances and malformations in development, changes in the activity of tested enzymes were observed. Insects showed different response to the stress, depending on the concentration of the pesticide in the nutrient. Observed results suggest that this xenobiotic plays an important role in environmental pollution.
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Adamski et al. (2004) studied this question.
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