Role of Krüppel‐like factor 4 in phenotypic switching and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells

Phenotypic switching and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are critical components in the development of many vascular proliferation diseases such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after percutaneous coronary interventions. Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) has been shown to play a key role in VSMC proliferation and differentiation. The focus of this review is to provide an overview for understanding the physiological and pathobiological roles of KLF4 in phenotypic switching and proliferation of VSMCs.