Polyphenol Composition of Dracocephalum charkeviczii Prob. Plants in In Situ and In Vitro Conditions

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The composition of polyphenols in Kharkevich’s snakehead (Dracocephalum charkeviczii Prob., fam. Lamiaceae) of plants from a natural population and microplants obtained in vitro was determined. 15 polyphenolic components, mainly derivatives of caffeic acid, were determined in methanol extracts of plants by means of HPLC with UV and mass selective detection. As well as three glycosylated flavones—derivatives of acacetin (dihydroxy-methoxy-flavone) were among. The profiles of polyphenols in extracts of microplants and plants from the natural population were the same. The microplants were dominated by rosmarinic acid (63 μmol/g dry weight in the leaves, 11 μmol/g dry weight in the roots), caffeic acid (2 μmol/g in the roots), rhabdosin (8 μmol/g in the roots). In the roots of plants from the natural population, glycosylated rhabdosin prevailed (13 μmol/g dry weight in the form of a monoglycoside and 4 μmol/g dry weight in the form of a diclycoside).