Consider a patient who presents with lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and pancytopenia and is discovered to have an atypical lymphocyte population with an acquired mutation in a gene crucial to cellular apoptosis. Conventional wisdom suggests this patient has cancer; however, if the somatic mutation is in FAS, then the diagnosis may be ALPS rather than malignancy.
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David T. Teachey (2010) studied this question.
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