Inflammation due to toe-clipping in natterjack toads (Bufo calamita)

Short Notes Inflammation due to toe-clipping in natterjack toads (Bufo calamita) Nils Golay, Heinz Durrer Station de recherche RANA, Rue de la Pisciculture, 68300 St. Louis, France Since toe-clipping for amphibians was introduced by Bogert (for Bufo terrestris) in 1947, numerous scientists have used this method for the recognition of individual amphibians if they are observed for long time periods, and especially for more than one season. After Heusser's experience (1958) in amputating the phalanges of 1500 common toads (Bufo bufo), very few workers have amputated the first three fingers of males (important for amplexus) or the long fourth toe