Coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with hematological neoplasms

Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with concurrent coronary artery disease (CAD) and hematological neoplasms presents unique challenges due to immunosuppression, hematologic dysfunction, and coagulopathy. This study aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of CABG in this population and to evaluate factors influencing prognosis. Methods: This retrospective study included 41 patients with CAD and hematological neoplasms who underwent CABG between 2018 and 2023. Hematological neoplasms were classified into seven categories, and patients were stratified by hematological disease status: stable, disease-free, or progressive. Key perioperative outcomes, graft patency, and survival data were analyzed. Cox regression models identified independent predictors of prognosis. Conclusions: CABG can be performed safely in most patients with stable hematological neoplasms, with no perioperative mortality, providing an opportunity for further hematological treatments. Preoperative blood cell levels significantly influence prognosis, underscoring the importance of multidisciplinary management. Larger studies are needed to validate these findings and refine treatment strategies.