Field data from various utilities were studied with the object of identifying a set of characteristics of a surface water that might allow it to be successfully treated by disinfection alone, thus avoiding the need to filter. It was found possible to define water quality standards for a surface water amenable to disinfection only: fecal coliforms—20/100 mL, turbidity—1 ntu, color—15 acu, and chlorine demand—2 mg/L. As well as meeting specifications for raw‐water quality and monitoring, a utility would also need to meet certain conditions for system operations.
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Geldreich et al. (1990) studied this question.