We investigate two classes of transformations of cosine similarity and and Spearman correlations into metric distances, utilising the simple of metric-preserving functions. The first class puts anti-correlated maximally far apart. Previously known transforms fall within this. The second class collates correlated and anti-correlated objects. An of such a transformation that yields a metric distance is the sine when applied to centered data.
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Dongen et al. (2012) studied this question.