Key result
Plasma lnc-MyD88 demonstrated a higher diagnostic value than AFP for distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma from healthy individuals, with an AUC of 0.776 compared to 0.725 for AFP.
Why the study?
Does plasma lnc-MyD88 measurement improve diagnostic accuracy for hepatocellular carcinoma compared to AFP?
Case-Control (n=255)
Yes
Does plasma lnc-MyD88 measurement improve diagnostic accuracy for hepatocellular carcinoma compared to AFP?
Absolute Event Rate: 0.776% vs 0.725%
Plasma lnc-MyD88 is a promising diagnostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma, showing higher diagnostic efficacy than AFP, especially in AFP-negative and HBV-associated cases.
May support lnc-MyD88 as HCC biomarker; leaves open prospective validation before any practice change.
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent malignancies. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has some limitations in diagnosing early HCC. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) showed great potential as tumor diagnostic biomarkers, and lnc-MyD88 was previously identified as a carcinogen in HCC. Here, we explored its diagnostic value as a plasma biomarker. Materials and methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was adopted to detect lnc-MyD88 expression in plasma samples of 98 HCC patients, 52 liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, and 105 healthy people. The correlation between lnc-MyD88 and clinicopathological factors was analyzed through chi-square test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the sensitivity, specificity, Youden index, and area under the curve (AUC) of lnc-MyD88 and AFP alone and in combination for the diagnosis of HCC. The relationship between MyD88 and immune infiltration was analyzed by single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm. Results: Lnc-MyD88 was highly expressed in plasma samples of HCC and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated HCC patients. Lnc-MyD88 had better diagnostic value than AFP in HCC patients using healthy people or LC patients as control (healthy people, AUC: 0.776 vs. 0.725; LC patients, AUC: 0.753 vs. 0.727). The multivariate analysis showed that lnc-MyD88 had great diagnostic value for distinguishing HCC from LC and healthy people. Lnc-MyD88 had no correlation with AFP. Lnc-MyD88 and AFP were independent diagnostic factors for HBV-associated HCC. The AUC, sensitivity, and Youden index of the combined diagnosis of lnc-MyD88 and AFP combined were higher than those of lnc-MyD88 and AFP alone. The ROC curve of lnc-MyD88 for the diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC was plotted with a sensitivity of 80.95%, a specificity of 79.59%, and an AUC value of 0.812 using healthy people as control. The ROC curve also presented its great diagnostic value using LC patients as control (sensitivity: 76.19%, specificity: 69.05%, AUC value: 0.769). Lnc-MyD88 expression was correlated with microvascular invasion in HBV-associated HCC patients. MyD88 was positively correlated with infiltrating immune cells and immune-related genes. Conclusion: The high expression of plasma lnc-MyD88 in HCC is distinct and could be utilized as a promising diagnostic biomarker. Lnc-MyD88 had great diagnostic value for HBV-associated HCC and AFP-negative HCC, and it had higher efficacy in combination with AFP.
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Wang et al. (2023) conducted a case-control in Hepatocellular carcinoma (n=255). Plasma lnc-MyD88 vs. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was evaluated on Area under the ROC curve (AUC) for distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma from healthy people. Plasma lnc-MyD88 demonstrated a higher diagnostic value than AFP for distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma from healthy individuals, with an AUC of 0.776 compared to 0.725 for AFP.
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