TheHedwigia ciliatacomplex in Sweden, with notes on the occurrence of the taxa in Fennoscandia

The Swedish taxa of the Hedwigia ciliata complex are revised. In Sweden and Fennoscandia, there are three taxa, Hedwigia stellata Hedenäs, sp. nov., H. ciliata (Hedw.) Ehrh. ex P. Beauv. var. ciliata and H. ciliata var. leucophaea B., S. & G. Hedwigia stellata is recognized by its mostly recurved or reflexed leaf apices in the upper sterile shoots when dry, its sharply pointed leaf apex and its uni- or occasionally bi-papillose median leaf cells, with pelt ate papillae on the abaxial side. In both varieties of H. ciliata the leaf apices are erect to patent (occasionally spreading) or following the leaf curvature when dry, many or most leaf apices are truncate or pluripapillose and the median leaf cells are 1-4(-5)- papillose, with most cells having more than one papilla and the papillae are not peltate. Hedwigia ciliata var. ciliata differs from H. ciliata var. leucophaea in the length of the hair-point ((4-)7-33% versus (15-)22-55(-65)% of leaf length), in having less strongly papillose hair-points (macroscopically appearing greyer in var. ciliata than in var. leucophaea), in having more strongly recurved stem leaf margins than the latter and in having slightly larger spores ((23-)25-35 μm versus 19.5-28(-30)μm). Hedwigia ciliata var. ciliata occurs throughout Sweden whereas H. ciliata var. leucophaea is found in the north and in the mountains and H. stellata is known from the southern parts only.