Key result
Dietary salt restriction increased 24-h urinary excretion of serotonin by 42% and 5-HIAA by 52% in healthy male volunteers.
Why the study?
Does dietary salt restriction increase urinary excretion of serotonin and 5-HIAA in healthy male volunteers?
RCT (n=16)
single-blind
randomized
Does dietary salt restriction increase urinary excretion of serotonin and 5-HIAA in healthy male volunteers?
Dietary salt restriction stimulates the serotonergic and sympathetic nervous systems in healthy men, potentially contributing to renal sodium conservation.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Highlights potential serotonergic role in sodium conservation during restriction; extends mechanistic insights to healthy humans.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of dietary salt restriction on urinary excretion of serotonin and its principal metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in man. DESIGN: We studied 16 healthy male volunteers (age range 20-28 years) who ate a standard diet containing 20 mmol/day NaCl, to which either 220 mmol/day NaCl or placebo was added as a supplement for 1 week each, according to a randomized, single-blind crossover design. METHODS: Urinary excretion of serotonin, 5-HIAA, noradrenaline and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) were measured during the low- and high-salt periods using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: During the low-salt diet, 24-h urinary excretion of serotonin increased by 42%, accompanied by a 52% rise in the excretion of 5-HIAA. Salt restriction also increased noradrenaline excretion by 77% and VMA excretion by 40%. Regression analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between the excretion of serotonin and of noradrenaline (r = 0.84, P < 0.001) and between that of 5-HIAA and of VMA (r = 0.74, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Salt restriction stimulates the serotonergic system in man. Stimulation of this system, in conjunction with the sympathetic nervous system, may contribute to renal sodium conservation during dietary salt restriction in man.
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Sharma et al. (1993) conducted an RCT in healthy (n=16). Dietary salt restriction vs. High salt diet (240 mmol/day NaCl) was evaluated on Urinary excretion of serotonin and 5-HIAA. Dietary salt restriction increased 24-h urinary excretion of serotonin by 42% and 5-HIAA by 52% in healthy male volunteers.
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