This research quantitatively analyzed the relationship between selected internal apple characteristics and prices. It shows that wholesale prices for apples in Japan are very associated with brix, acid, and juice content. In the final analysis, the current prices and quality of apples imported from New Zealand and the United States cannot be competitive with Japanese ones. It is necessary to improve the quality of apples and lower the price in order to gain the popularity of imported apples among Japanese consumers.
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Chikako Kajikawa (1998) studied this question.
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