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. While significant research has been dedicated to the development of bio-oils produced by thermal liquefaction of biomass, surprisingly little work has been conducted on the subsequent catalytic upgrading of these oils to reduce their heteroatom content and enable processing in conventional petrochemical refineries. This work provides important insights for the design and deployment of novel active transition metal catalysts to enable the incorporation of bio-oils into refineries.
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Wagner et al. (2017) studied this question.
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