Early Jurassic annelid cocoons from eastern Australia

A small assemblage of clitellate annelid cocoons (egg cases) is described from the Early Jurassic Marburg Subgroup, Clarence-Moreton Basin, eastern Australia. Two complete specimens are preserved on bedding planes, and numerous fragments were recovered from organic residues prepared for mesofossil analysis. The complete specimens are assigned to Burejospermum Krassilov emend. Manum, Bose & Sawyer, 1991 Manum, S. B., Bose, M. N. and Sawyer, R. T. 1991. Clitellate cocoons in freshwater deposits since the Triassic. Zoologica Scripta, 20: 347–366. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], having a well-developed mesh-like hapsine and a solid layer of underlying alytine. The fragments include a form assigned to Dictyothylakos Horst, 1954 Horst, U. 1954. Merkwürdige gebilde in kohlen aus dem Wealden. Geologie, 3: 610–616. [Google Scholar] emend. Manum, Bose & Sawyer, 1991 Manum, S. B., Bose, M. N. and Sawyer, R. T. 1991. Clitellate cocoons in freshwater deposits since the Triassic. Zoologica Scripta, 20: 347–366. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar] having a mesh-like hapsine but lacking an alytine layer. The cocoons are preserved in floodbasin facies represented by leaf-rich, dark shales. Palynological data indicate a Pliensbachian to earliest Toarcian age for the assemblage. Similarities between the new specimens, congeneric material from the Triassic to Neogene of other continents, and modern egg cases highlight the long-term morphological conservatism of clitellate cocoons. The new material extends the distribution of such fossils, which generally have a poor macrofossil record.