Key result
The antidoping program of the Paralympic Movement reported an overall incidence of <1% for antidoping rule violations, totaling 60 violations since 2000.
Observational
The incidence of antidoping rule violations in Paralympic sports is low (<1%), highlighting the need for targeted educational awareness.
Low reported incidence supports ongoing monitoring; leaves open whether targeted education reduces violations in Paralympic athletes.
This study reports in detail on the antidoping program of the Paralympic Movement to improve knowledge and optimize intervention programs, including educational and awareness initiatives. Data retrieved from annual statistics reports and historical records are complemented with personal observations. An overall incidence proportion of <1% of antidoping rule violations in the Paralympic Movement is reported, mainly resulting from urine testing during in-competition periods. This led to a total of 60 antidoping rule violations (of which 37 in the sport of International Paralympic Committee powerlifting) since 2000. A critical analysis of these data allows for an assessment of risk factors by sport. An efficient transfer of knowledge indicates the need to strengthen educational awareness, preferably imbedded in a multidisciplinary approach toward athletes' health. The particular case of autonomic dysreflexia is addressed as a separate theme.
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Peter Van de Vliet (2012) conducted an observational in Antidoping rule violations in Paralympic Sport. Antidoping program was evaluated on Antidoping rule violations. The antidoping program of the Paralympic Movement reported an overall incidence of <1% for antidoping rule violations, totaling 60 violations since 2000.
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