Knowledge, Attitude, And Practices About Physical Exercises During Pregnancy among Sample of Pregnant Females Attending Obstetric Clinic in Baghdad Teaching Hospital in 2025

Background: Physical exercise during pregnancy improves maternal and fetal health; however, physical inactivity remains common because of limited awareness, cultural beliefs, misconceptions, and inadequate counseling by healthcare providers. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding physical exercise during pregnancy and identify factors associated with these domains among pregnant women attending Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 pregnant women attending the obstetric clinic at Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, exercise practices, information sources, and perceived barriers. Results: Good knowledge was observed in 26.4% of participants, while 35.3% had poor knowledge. Positive attitudes were reported by 37%, whereas 32% and 31% demonstrated neutral and negative attitudes, respectively. Only 9% engaged in physical exercise during pregnancy, predominantly walking (85.2%). Most exercised fewer than three times weekly for less than 30 minutes. The internet was the main information source (77.1%), whereas only 13.3% received advice from healthcare providers. The main barriers were lack of professional advice (83.3%), pregnancy-related discomfort (73.3%), and low motivation (70%). Educational level, antenatal care attendance, and previous exercise experience were significantly associated with KAP. Conclusion: Knowledge and exercise practices were generally inadequate among pregnant women. Integrating structured education and routine counseling into antenatal care may improve physical activity and maternal-fetal health outcomes.