Knowing the signs and symptoms of an exacerbation will help you to get treatment early, shorten the length of the exacerbation, and hopefully prevent the exacerbation from becoming severe.■ ■ You may notice that you become more breathless than usual with routine activities, like walking to the car or showering.■ ■ Your typical cough may increase in severity or frequency, or a new cough may develop.■ ■ You may notice a change in the color of your sputum (mucus) from clear to colored (deep yellow, green, or brown) and/or the amount of sputum that you bring up may increase.In many people, a change in sputum is the first sign that they have an exacerbation.■ ■ You may feel more tired (fatigue).■ ■ If you find that you have more trouble sleeping than usual, develop a headache when you wake up, or feel confused (or a family member notices you are confused and/or have difficulty waking you up), you may be having signs of high carbon dioxide levels that need immediate medical attention.■ ■ If you measure your oxygen level regularly by using a pulse oximeter, you may also notice that your oxygen levels are lower than usual.
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Lareau et al. (2018) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched one closely related paper. Consider it for comparative context: