A porous calcium alginate/Ag nanoparticles (Ca-ALG/Ag) hydrogel film with superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties is fabricated through an eco-friendly “soluble salt-template method”. Taking advantage of the environmental stability of calcium alginate and the freestanding porous structures, the Ca-ALG/Ag hydrogel film can selectively and effectively separate oil/water mixtures in highly acidic, alkaline, and salty environments. The introduction of Ag nanoparticles enhances the superoleophobicity, also provides antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (Gram negative bacterium) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive bacterium). This Ca-ALG/Ag hydro-gel film is stable, antibacterial, eco-friendly and reusable, which shows potential use for oil spill cleanup and oily wastewater treatment in practical complex environments. Furthermore, the “soluble salt-template method” brings a new strategy to prepare other hydrogel films with macro-porous structures for oil/water separation.
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Xue et al. (2019) studied this question.
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