Charts a development in organisational philosophy and design through three major phases – the traditional model, the human relations model and the systems model – and points to an emerging paradigm for the 1990s. This new model focuses on vision before analysis, individuality before teamwork, fluidity and task focus, decentralisation of decision making downwards towards the customer interface, and indirect control via values and vision rather than direct command.
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Norman H. Chorn (1991) studied this question.
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