Spanish Linguistic Validation for the Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Effects on Life Outcomes

Effects on Life OutcomesPatient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are a powerful method to gather quality-of-life (QOL) data on patients.Validated instruments are available for many symptom-or diseasespecific patient problems, which can be used to target treatment, assess treatment success, and better understand priorities for a patient population.Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is a disorder of speech production and swallowing, which is due to inadequate velopharyngeal sphincter closure. 1 An estimated 20% to 40% of patients with cleft palate will have VPI after palate repair. 2 The VPI Effects on Life Outcomes (VELO) instrument was developed and validated to measure the effects of how VPI affects children.3,4 Herein, we describe the methodology of developing a Spanish translation of the VELO instrument through the linguistic validation.