Key result
Fibrosis and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers may improve early diagnosis of vascular remodeling.
Why the study?
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for vascular damage assessment.
Integrating fibrosis and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers into clinical practice may improve risk stratification and personalized therapy for cardiovascular patients.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
No immediate practice change for vascular assessment; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before diagnostic integration.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide, highlighting the need for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. This study examines the role of fibrosis and endothelial dysfunction markers in the development of vascular damage in cardiovascular diseases. Galectin-3 and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) play crucial roles in myocardial fibrosis and vascular remodeling, with elevated levels being significant predictors of negative cardiovascular outcomes. sST2, as an antagonist of interleukin-33, promotes inflammation and fibrosis, whereas galectin-3 regulates cellular proliferation and differentiation in fibrotic processes. Additionally, gasotransmitters such as nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) are essential for vascular homeostasis, preventing vascular stiffness and endothelial dysfunction. Impaired biosynthesis and reduced bioavailability of these molecules contribute to oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, and the progression of atherosclerosis. Integrating these biomarkers into clinical practice may enhance early diagnosis, improve risk stratification, and support the development of personalized therapeutic strategies for patients with cardiovascular pathology.
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Fedevych et al. (2025) conducted a review in Cardiovascular diseases. Fibrosis and endothelial dysfunction markers (Galectin-3, sST2, NO, H2S) was evaluated. Biomarkers of fibrosis (galectin-3, sST2) and endothelial dysfunction (NO, H2S) play crucial roles in vascular remodeling and their integration into clinical practice may enhance early diagnosis.
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