Key result
End-hole aortic cannulas generate higher arch flow velocity and wall strain than alternative designs.
Why the study?
The characteristics of flow pattern, velocity, and strain on the aortic wall during extracorporeal circulation with different aortic cannulas were not well understood.
Does cannula shape affect flow pattern, velocity, and strain on the aortic wall in a mock thoracic aorta model?
Does cannula shape affect flow pattern, velocity, and strain on the aortic wall in a mock thoracic aorta model?
In a mock thoracic aorta model, end-hole cannulas generated high flow velocity and strain on the aortic arch, suggesting they should be avoided in atherosclerotic aortas.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
End-hole cannulas may increase aortic wall strain in mock models; leaves open embolization risk in atherosclerotic patients.
This study was designed to analyze flow pattern, velocity, and strain on the aortic wall of a glass aortic model during extracorporeal circulation, and to elucidate the characteristics of flow pattern in four aortic cannulas. Different patterns of large vortices and helical flow were made by each cannula. The high-velocity flow (0.6 m/s) was observed in end-hole cannula, causing high strain rate tensor (0.3~0.4 without unit) on the aortic arch. In dispersion cannula, a decreased strain rate tensor (less than 0.1) was found on the outer curvature of the aortic arch. In Soft-flow cannula (3M Cardiovascular, Ann Arbor, MI, USA), further decreased flow velocity (0.2 m/s) and strain (less than 0.2) were observed. In Select 3D cannula (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA), a high strain (0.4~0.5) was observed along the inner curvature of the aortic arch. In conclusion, end-hole cannula should not be used in atherosclerotic aorta. Particular attention should be paid both for selection of cannulas and cannulation site based on this result.
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Minakawa et al. (2007) studied Extracorporeal circulation. Aortic cannulas (end-hole, dispersion, Soft-flow, Select 3D) was evaluated on Flow pattern, velocity, and strain on the aortic wall. Different aortic cannulas produced distinct flow patterns, with end-hole cannulas causing high-velocity flow (0.6 m/s) and high strain rate tensor (0.3-0.4) on the aortic arch.
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