Respiratory infection in noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We highlight some of the main developments in the investigation and management of bronchiectasis, a condition causing susceptibility to airway infections and in more severe cases chronic bronchial suppuration. RECENT FINDINGS: Chronic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and poor lung function adversely influence long-term prognosis. Investigation of the underlying cause of bronchiectasis leads to additional therapy in a higher proportion of patients than previously thought. Based on current data, inhaled corticosteroid cannot be recommended for routine use in patients with bronchiectasis. Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections have been associated with both aspergillus and gastrooesophageal reflux. There is new evidence supporting the practice of regular chest physiotherapy. SUMMARY: Despite some improvement in the evidence-based guide to management in noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, there remains a serious lack of randomized controlled trials directing therapy.