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An HY zeolite, an ultrastable HY zeolite (USY), and a rare earth exchanged Y-zeolite (REY) have been characterized by IR spectroscopy of adsorbed CO and pivalonitrile. USY zeolite presents the strongest Brønsted and Lewis acid sites. However, HY and REY present a higher concentration of acid sites. HY, which contains relevant amounts of extraframework alumina species, is more reactive toward pivalonitrile. The location, accessibility, and structure of acid sites in the three catalysts are discussed.
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Montanari et al. (2010) studied this question.
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