Key result
Osteoporosis affects ~41% of diabetic men and is linked to lower testosterone and FSH levels.
Why the study?
The frequency of osteoporosis and its association with BMI, smoking status, and gonadal status in diabetic men was not well characterized.
Cross-Sectional (n=292)
No
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
There is a high frequency of osteoporosis among diabetic men, which is significantly associated with hypogonadism.
Objective: To evaluate the frequency of osteoporosis in male population with diabetes mellitus and to determine the association of osteoporosis with body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and gonadal status. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar-Pakistan, from March 2023 to August 2023 with a sample size of 292 male diabetic participants. The sampling was done by non-probability convenient sampling. The inclusion criteria were diabetic male patients aged 25-80 years, whereas patients who were on corticosteroids and diagnosed cases of chronic heart failure, chronic kidney disease, respiratory failure, malignancy, connective tissue disorders, and fracture in the past 6 months were excluded from the study. Bone density and testosterone level were measured. The associations between descriptive data (age, gender, BMI, and gonadal status) and bone density were analyzed. Results: Out of 292 male diabetic participants with a mean age of 54.41 ± 8.71 years, 203 (69%) were smokers, 136 (47%) were overweight, 23 (7.8%) were obese, while 170 (58.2%) patients were having lower testosterone levels. Bone mineral density levels, measured with Dexa-Scan, demonstrated high frequency of osteoporosis in 120 (41.4 %) patients, and osteopenia in 106 (36.2 %) cases. Chi square statistics showed a significant association of osteoporosis with testosterone (p=0.001) and FSH levels (p=0.01) while such association was not significant with smoking status (p=0.2), LH level (p= 0.8) and BMI (p=0.1). Conclusion: High frequency of osteoporosis is a concern among the diabetic male population which is positively associated with hypogonadism, warranting early hormonal screening and intervention.
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A 2025 study conducted a cross-sectional in Diabetes mellitus (n=292). Gonadal status (testosterone and FSH levels) was evaluated on Osteoporosis (p=0.001). Among diabetic men, osteoporosis was present in 41.4% of patients and was significantly associated with lower testosterone levels (p=0.001) and FSH levels (p=0.01).
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