Kecekapan Pengurusan Koperasi Di Malaysia [The Efficiency of Co-Operative Management in Malaysia]

The cooperative benefits its members through dividends, rebates or subscriptions discount and bonus shares. These benefits can only be applied if the cooperative can be managed efficiently and effectively. Efficiency studies are mostly conducted in developed countries and only a few has been carried out in developing countries such as Malaysia. This paper reviews past studies on the efficiency of cooperative management in Malaysia. Literature analysis was carried out to assess the appraisal methods on the efficiency of cooperative management and similar business organizations. It is found that the studies on cooperatives mostly focus on the cooperative performance. These assessment and efforts to enhance the efficiency of cooperative management are largely done by the Malaysian Cooperative Commission (SKM) and some of the academic researchers. The evaluation of the management efficiency is based on several aspects such as finance (economy), social and socio-economic. As a private business organization, cooperative management efficiency can also be estimated on the basis of financial and non-financial aspects such as social values, management functions and the relationships between cooperative members. This paper argues that social values and economic aspect need to be considered for a more comprehensive assessment of the cooperative.Keywords: Management efficiency, co-operative, efficiency model, organization management, socio-economic.Cite as: Abd Rahman, N. & Zakaria, Z. (2018). Kecekapan pengurusan koperasi di Malaysia [The efficiency of co-operative management in Malaysia]. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 3(2), 134-146. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol3iss2pp134-146 ABSTRAKKoperasi memberi manfaat kepada anggotanya melalui dividen, rebat atau potongan langganan dan saham bonus. Hasil ini hanya boleh ditingkatkan jika koperasi dapat diurus dengan cekap dan berkesan. Kajian berkaitan kecekapan banyak dilakukan di negara-negara maju dan sebilangan kecil sahaja di negara membangun seperti Malaysia. Objektif kajian ini ialah menyoroti kajian lepas berkaitan kecekapan pengurusan koperasi di Malaysia. Analisis literatur dibuat untuk meneliti kaedah penilaian kecekapan pengurusan dalam koperasi. Dapatan tinjauan menunjukkan kajian terhadap koperasi banyak tertumpu kepada prestasi koperasi. Adapun penilaian dan usaha meningkatkan kecekapan pengurusan koperasi sebahagian besar dilakukan oleh Suruhanjaya Koperasi Malaysia (SKM) dan beberapa pengkaji bertaraf akademik tertinggi. Penilaian kecekapan pengurusan dilakukan adalah berdasarkan beberapa aspek seperti kewangan(ekonomi), sosial dan sosio ekonomi. Sebagai sebuah organisasi perniagaan swasta, kecekapan pengurusan koperasi juga boleh dinilai berdasarkan aspek kewangan dan aspek bukan kewangan seperti nilai sosial, fungsi pengurusan dan hubungan antara anggota koperasi. Oleh itu, kajian ini menyimpulkan bahawa aspek nilai sosial dan ekonomi perlu diberi perhatian supaya penilaian yang dilakukan terhadap koperasi akan lebih menyeluruh.Kata Kunci: Kecekapan pengurusan, koperasi, model kecekapan, pengurusan organisasi, sosio-ekonomi.