Placental transfer and tissue accumulation of dolutegravir in the ex vivo human cotyledon perfusion model

OBJECTIVE: To determine the transplacental pharmacokinetics of the HIV integrase inhibitor dolutegravir. STUDY DESIGN: Maternal-to-fetal transfer across the term human placenta was investigated with the ex-vivo dually perfused cotyledon model, in 5 closed-circuit, recirculating experiments. Dolutegravir was added to a maternal perfusate containing antipyrine, a marker to validate the cotyledon's viability, and 2 g/liter of human albumin. RESULTS: After 3h of recirculating perfusion, the mean (± SD) DTG concentrations in the maternal and in the fetal compartments were respectively 2450 ± 286 ng/mL and 715 ± 369 ng/mL, with a fetal-to-maternal ratio of 34% ± 18% and a clearance index (in comparison with antipyrine transfer) of 79% ± 23%. The mean cotyledon accumulation index was 153% ± 25%. CONCLUSION: Fetal transplacental exposure to dolutegravir was considerable as well as accumulation in placental tissue. Whether this may lead to risks for the exposed fetus requires more investigation.