evidence from self-reported measures; thus using objective data to classify participants may result in discrepancies.The first step toward targeted intervention efforts is an understanding of the factors that are associated with engaging in multiple unhealthy behaviors.Similarly to the US study, these analyses showed that adolescent boys and girls with depressive symptoms had lower odds of meeting all 3 recommendations, although associations of other independent variables, such as income and obesity, appeared to differ by sex in the present study.Given that weight status and depression are socially patterned in the United Kingdom, the findings validate the need for UK-based prospective studies that use robust measures to understand associative pathways.It is also important to understand the socioeconomic patterning of lifestyle behaviors and health markers in girls and boys to inform interventions and policy.
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Pearson et al. (2019) studied this question.