The effect of physical activity and dietary modification on adiponectin expression in autism spectrum disorder

Adiponectins are considered as important health related indicator. The expression of adiponectin gene, can be affected by lifestyle including physical activity status and dietary pattern. Low physical activity level and poor dietary pattern are important health challenges among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) which may decrease their quality of life and increase the prevalence of chronic complications including obesity, metabolic impairment and cardiovascular disease. Increase the level of physical activity along with dietary pattern modification, an increase the expression of adiponectin which may have beneficial outcomes in individuals with ASD. It has been suggested that the combination of physical activity and nutritional modification, may improve adiponectin gene expression by cellular cascade activation, which may improve metabolism, insulin sensitivity especially in target tissues and glucose homeostasis. The most beneficial and recommended type of physical activity and nutritional intervention for improving adiponectin level and its circulation, is not clear yet and it seems that interventions should be recommended according to ASD individuals health status and underlying complications.