Amphiphilic oligonucleotides synthesized by covalent conjugation between a hydrophobic diacyllipid tail and chemically stabilized RNA or DNA oligonucleotides can directly label tumor cells on injection into solid tumors. In a murine melanoma tumor model, cell membrane-anchored CpG ODNs with a nuclease-resistant phophorothioate backbone (row a) exhibited significantly enhanced immunostimulatory activity compared to soluble CpG (row b).
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Liu et al. (2011) studied this question.
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