High input impedance VM-APSs with grounded passive elements

Three new circuit topologies for first-order all-pass filters, each with two variations, realising six new first-order voltage-mode all-pass sections are proposed. Each circuit employs two differential voltage current conveyors and three grounded passive components, ideal for IC implementation. All the circuits possess high input impedance, which is a desirable feature for voltage-mode circuits. As an application, a new quadrature oscillator circuit is realised using one of the proposed all-pass circuits. PSPICE simulations using 0.5 µm CMOS parameters confirm the validity and practical utility of the proposed circuits.