Ion-exchange polymers with “on”/“off” solubility can be prepared from N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) copolymers that incorporate hydroxamic acid ligands. Such complexing agents quantitatively remove trace amounts of FeIII from aqueous solutions (vial 1) by precipitating the metal – polymer complex on heating (suspension in vial 2). Physical separation of the insoluble polymer leaves a metal-free solution (vial 3). Similar fluorous phase-soluble hydroxamic acid derivatives of fluoroacrylate polymers remove FeIII ions from organic solutions by liquid/liquid phase separation.
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Bergbreiter et al. (2000) studied this question.