Genetic Witnesses: A Critical Review of DNA’s Role in Modern Forensics

Within forensic science, the imperative role of DNA analysis has facilitated the most accurate investigative and judicial operations in human history. This paper critically reviews the advancements, methodologies, and applications of DNA analysis in the field of forensic science, while providing a thorough literature review of significant milestones and contributions. As much as DNA technology has improved the conviction of the right criminal, it also presents benefits, issues, and ethical concerns, including evidence contamination, access to technology disparities, and ethical implications. To fully harness the potential of DNA analysis for justice, these challenges must be continually addressed through research and protocol development.