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We study the synchronization and frequency distribution in networks of time-delayed Kuramoto oscillators with identical natural frequency. It is found that a pronounced frequency dispersion occurs in networks with nonidentical degree distributions. The deviation of the average network frequency from its natural frequency, induced by the time delay, is identified as a necessary component for this phenomenon. Altogether this results in states intermediate between perfect synchronization and complete incoherence.
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Nordenfelt et al. (2014) studied this question.
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