Can Dietary n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Affect Apelin and Resolvin in Testis and Sperm of Male Rabbits?

Figures

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  Figure 1. Ejaculated spermatozoa of the control (a) and FLAX (b) rabbits incubated with anti-apelin antibody. A fluorescent label was detected in all samples along the sperm tail (a,b). The APJ receptor was localized in the entire tail (c) in all the samples. Bars: 5 μm.

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  Figure 2. UV micrographs of rabbit testicular tissue treated with anti-apelin antibody from control (a) and enriched diets ((b) FLAX; (c) FISH). A weak fluorescent signal is present in the interstitial tissue of controls and FISH diets (a,c), respectively). In (b), high labeling intensity in the interstitial tissue is evident. In (b,c), spermatids are labeled. Bars: 50 μm.

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  Figure 3. Immunolocalization of ryanodine receptors in rabbit testicular tissue from the control (a,b) FLAX, and (c) FISH groups. A dotted fluorescent signal is present in the seminiferous tubules in a reduced number of spermatids (a); the number of spots appears increased in (b,c), and strongly present in b, in particular. A faint localization in the interstitial tissue is shown (b,c). Bars: 50 μm.

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  Figure 4. Tentative scheme of action of antioxidants and resolving molecules following high dietary PUFA intake. Solid line = mechanism flow; dotted line (arrows and squares) = molecule activity; red line = reducing activity; green line = enhancing activity. PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids; ROS: reactive oxygen species.