Assessment of the macroeconomic and environmental impacts of renewable energy investments using a SAM-based multiplier model: The case of Tunisia

Energy transition is a major challenge for developing nations, and reducing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions is crucial for a sustainable economy. This shift in Tunisia is accompanied by the development of renewable energy sources and the improvement of energy efficiency, particularly in the polluting and energy-producing sectors. To assess the macroeconomic and environmental impacts of investments in photovoltaics and wind energy, this study employs a multiplier model based on the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM), in line with the objectives of the Tunisian Solar Plan. The results show that these investments constitute a significant source of wealth creation, production, and employment. On this basis, it is recommended to prioritize energy-intensive sectors and to establish incentive mechanisms to accelerate the regional energy transition.