HPV-related head and neck neoplasms in solid organ transplant recipients: a case report highlighting gaps in adult vaccination guidelines

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck disease occurs at markedly higher rates in solid organ transplant recipients due to chronic immunosuppression, yet adult vaccination guidance for patients over 45 remains limited. We describe two heart transplant recipients, one with HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and one with recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis, both diagnosed well beyond current Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices vaccination age thresholds. These cases highlight a preventive care gap warranting formal study in this high-risk population.